The Effects of Cannabis: Short-Term and Long-Term

Cannabis consumption results in a diverse spectrum of effects, ranging from pleasurable sensations to unwanted discomfort. Understanding these effects is essential for managing your own cannabis experience.The effects of cannabis consumption can vary widely, influenced by numerous factors. The same product may affect individuals differently, and effects can fluctuate from one day to the next. Learning about the potential effects of cannabis is crucial for minimising risks and ensuring a positive experience. Let’s delve into both short-term and long-term effects and explore ways to safeguard your health and enjoyment.

Short-term effects of cannabis consumption

Depending on the method of consumption, short-term effects can manifest within seconds to hours. Temporary in nature, these effects can be pleasurable or undesirable, resolving themselves over time. Short-term effects may include:

• Joy, calm, and relaxation

• Heightened sensory experiences (smell or taste)

• Euphoria or feeling “high”

• Confusion

• Fatigue or sleepiness

• Impaired memory or concentration

• Anxiety, fear, or panic

• Increased appetite

• Impaired motor skills

• Decreased blood pressure

• Increased heart rate (especially for those with heart conditions or high blood pressure)

• Paranoia or psychotic episodes (associated with large THC doses)

Ways to avoid negative effects:

1. Choose cannabis with low THC content, or opt for CBD-dominant strains.

2. Start with small amounts, especially with edibles, gradually increasing if needed.

3. Avoid mixing cannabis with alcohol or other drugs.

4. Consider your physical and mental health history.

5. Label homemade edibles clearly and store cannabis products safely.

6. Take shallow puffs instead of deep inhalations.

How long do the effects last?

The duration varies based on consumption method, potency, tolerance, and quantity consumed. Guidelines for different methods include:

• Inhalation: Effects peak after about 30 minutes, lasting up to six hours.

• Ingestion: Effects peak around four hours after ingestion, with some lasting up to 24 hours.

• Oral absorption: Effects peak after about two hours, lasting up to 24 hours.

• Topical application: Non-psychoactive effects on the site of application.

Long-term effects of cannabis consumption

Consuming cannabis, particularly daily or near-daily, can result in long-term effects, with additional risks associated with smoking. These effects may include:

• Impaired memory and concentration

• Mental health disorders

• Cannabis use disorder

• Impact on brain development in those under 25

• Lung infections

• Chronic cough

• Damaged blood vessels

• Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome

If experiencing symptoms related to cannabis consumption, consult a healthcare provider.

Do different strains cause different effects?

Yes, cannabinoid levels and terpene content influence strain effects, but reactions vary. Sativa and indica classifications may not reliably predict effects due to countless hybrids and terpene complexities.

How will I know how cannabis will affect me?

Individual reactions depend on factors like genetics, age, sex, personality, mood, and existing mental health conditions. Everyone’s endocannabinoid system responds uniquely, making it challenging to predict exact experiences. Universal harm reduction steps involve considering THC content, consumption method, and frequency, especially in relation to mental and physical health conditions.